Restructuring in over-indebtedness
For whom?: Households in payment incidents, BAM-listed, debt ratio > 50% — Average gain: Avoid seizure and definitive blacklisting
Over-indebtedness occurs when debt ratio exceeds 50% of income. Restructuring (different from classic buyback) allows debt spread over very long term (15-25 years), sometimes with partial capital write-off via negotiation. Last-resort solution before judicial procedure.
When it's relevant
Relevant if: repeated rejected checks, unpaid debits, seizure threats, debt ratio > 50%. Act quickly: more recent BAM listing (<6 months), more restructuring possible. After 12 months listing, very reduced options.
How it works
Direct negotiation with creditors (via bank specialized service or BAM mediation). Complete debt and repayment capacity audit. Spread proposal: extreme duration (up to 25 years), partial interest freeze, or partial capital write-off (5-15%). Formal commitment not to contract new credits during period.
Concrete example
Household: 12K/month income, 600K MAD cumulated debts (mortgage + 4 consumer), total monthly 9,000 MAD (75% debt ratio). Restructuring granted: 600K MAD over 25 years at 6%: monthly 3,870 MAD (debt ratio down to 32%). 10% capital write-off negotiated.
Advantages
- Avoids judicial procedure and property seizure
- End of daily stress (creditor calls, bailiffs)
- Partial capital write-off sometimes negotiable
- Recover normal management capacity
Points of attention
- BAM listing maintained 5 years after regularization (future difficulties)
- Surcharged interest rate (perceived risk): often 6-7% instead of 4-5%
- Very long duration (25 years): very high total cost
- New credit subscription ban during 5+ years
Documents to prepare
- Complete debt schedule (creditors, amounts, deadlines)
- Unpaid/incident supporting documents
- Household resources and charges status
- CNSS certificate and payslips
- Written restructuring request to each creditor
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